The temperature at which vapour 34.6°C / 78.3°C/100’C/1 pressure of a liquid becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure or any other external pressure on the liquid is called boiling point of that liquid. Mechanism: When a liquid is heated, its vapour 200 pressure increases with the increase in temperature as shown in figure. A stage…
The pressure above the surface of the liquid by the vapours at equilibrium between liquid and its vapours at a particular temperature is called equilibrium vapour pressure or simply vapour pressure. Explanation: If we enclosed a liquid in a vessel, molecules start to evaporate above the surface of liquid. Such molecules return back to the…
Definition: The spontaneous escaping of molecules of a liquid from their surface at any temperature is called evaporation. Evaporation Process: Most common question in this regard is, How does evaporation work? All the liquid molecules do not contain the same kinetic energies. Speed of molecules depends upon kinetic energy. Molecules with high kinetic energy move…
Definition: The electrostatic force between a hydrogen atom bonded to a strongly electronegative atom and Hydrogen bond lone pair electrons of another Covalent bond strongly electronegative atom is called hydrogen bonding. Strength: Hydrogen bonds are not really chemical bonds in formal sense. These are weaker than covalent bond. However, hydrogen bonds are stronger than dipole-dipole…
Definition: The momentary forces of attraction which are created between and induced dipole is called Instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces or London Dispersion Forces. Or The forces of attraction between non-polar molecules which are formed polar for an instant are called instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces or London forces. Explanation: The forces of attraction present among the…
Definition: The forces of attraction between polar molecule and temporarily induced molecule (neutral) are called dipole-induced dipole or Debye forces. Explanation: In certain cases, we have a mixture of substances containing polar and non-polar molecules. The positive end of the polar molecule attracts the mobile electrons of the nearly non-polar molecule. In this way polarity…