When we consider the hydrides of group VA, VIA, VIIA then NH3, HF and H2O show maximum boiling points in the respective series. The reason is the enhanced electronegative character of N, O and F. That is why, water is liquid at room temperature, but H2S and H2Se are gases. Comparatively high boiling points of…
In addition to water, ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) also has the tendency to form hydrogen bonds. So, ethyl alcohol can dissolve in water because both can form hydrogen bonds with each other. Similarly, carboxylic acids are also soluble in water, if their sizes are small. Hydrocarbons being non-polar are not soluble in water at all, and…
Definition: The electrostatic force between a hydrogen atom bonded to a strongly electronegative atom and Hydrogen bond lone pair electrons of another Covalent bond strongly electronegative atom is called hydrogen bonding. Strength: Hydrogen bonds are not really chemical bonds in formal sense. These are weaker than covalent bond. However, hydrogen bonds are stronger than dipole-dipole…
Definition: The momentary forces of attraction which are created between and induced dipole is called Instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces or London Dispersion Forces. Or The forces of attraction between non-polar molecules which are formed polar for an instant are called instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces or London forces. Explanation: The forces of attraction present among the…
Definition: The forces of attraction between polar molecule and temporarily induced molecule (neutral) are called dipole-induced dipole or Debye forces. Explanation: In certain cases, we have a mixture of substances containing polar and non-polar molecules. The positive end of the polar molecule attracts the mobile electrons of the nearly non-polar molecule. In this way polarity…
Definition: The forces of attraction between ions and the molecule of the polar solvent are called ion-dipole forces. Explanation: Molecules with ionic bonds are soluble in polar solvents. Solvent molecules break the lattice of ionic compounds and ions are set free. Oppositely charged ions are produced by ionic compounds in polar solvents which surrounded by…