How Soap perform cleansing action?
Soaps and detergents perform the cleaning action because the polar parts of their molecules are water soluble due to hydrogen-bonding and non-polar parts remain outside water.
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Application of Boiling Point | Vacuum Distillation
Liquids can be made to boil at low temperature where they can be distilled easily. This process is called vacuum distillation. Vacuum distillation has many advantages. It decreases time for the distillation process and is economical because less fuel is required. Many compounds can be avoided from decomposition e.g., glycerin boils at 290°C at 760…
Properties of Crystalline Solids
Geometrical Shape Crystalline Solids Due to definite and orderly arrangement of atoms, ions or molecules in three-dimensional space, all the crystalline solids have a definite, distinctive geometrical shape. For a given crystal, the interfacial angles, at which the surfaces intersect, are always the same no matter in which shape they are grown. The faces and…
How do Hydrogen Bonding Affect Solubility?
In addition to water, ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) also has the tendency to form hydrogen bonds. So, ethyl alcohol can dissolve in water because both can form hydrogen bonds with each other. Similarly, carboxylic acids are also soluble in water, if their sizes are small. Hydrocarbons being non-polar are not soluble in water at all, and…
Why ice floats on water?
When the temperature of water is decreased and ice is formed then the molecules become more regular and this regularity extends throughout the whole structure. Empty spaces are left behind as shown in the figure below. That is why when water freezes it occupy 9% more space and its density decreases. The result is that…
lattice energy definition Chemistry
The lattice energy is the energy released when one mole of the ionic crystal is formed from the gaseous ions. OR It is also defined as the energy required to break one mole of the solid into isolated ions in the gas phase. Explanation with examples: Solids are composed of atoms, ions or molecules. However,…
Energetics of Phase Changes
Whenever matter undergoes a physical or’ a chemical change, it is always accompanied by an energy change in the form of heat. This change in energy is the quantitative measure of the difference in the strength of intermolecular forces. In case of physical change at constant pressure called enthalpy change. Enthalpy change is of three…
